Journal archive
IT business |
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E-commerce |
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Today, almost every commercial organization has its own website. And every owner of his
web resource aims to generate income from it. You can increase revenue from your site
as a business tool in various ways. One of such methods is search engine optimization (SEO),
which is a complex website promotion in search engines (SE) by increasing its visibility on specific
search phrases (keywords). The result of this optimization is an increase in traffic to the site.
The article shows what indicators need to be used to assess the quality of SEO-promotion
of online shopping sites.
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Automated control systems |
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Automating a company’s business processes is an important part of optimizing its operations.
The automation process is a project activity based on the principles of achieving the goal, spending
resources and meeting deadlines. The choice of automation method depends on many criteria (preferences,
desires, technical and cost components) that must be considered in the planning of the project.
The method of analyzing hierarchies will make it possible to organize in the best way the decisionmaking
process regarding the choice of an automation method.
The hierarchy analysis method, developed by the American mathematician Thomas Saaty about
30 years ago, is still widely used in practice for making decisions in all subject areas. In matters of choosing
how to automate business processes of a company, this method is the best fit, because It makes it possible
in the best way to take into account in the project all the requirements for the future system, to ensure
the most acceptable functionality, to organize the most effective implementation and further support.
The effectiveness of its use in the selection of automation systems is demonstrated by the example of the
construction company PSK «Dom-skazka» engaged in automatization of business processes. To solve our
problem, six criteria were chosen. As a result of the analysis, a response was received, allowing to decide
on the choice of how to automate the production process. In the article, the authors consider an example
of applying the hierarchy analysis method in solving the problem of choosing an automation method.
The task has been set, alternatives have been chosen, selection criteria have been described, mathematical
calculations have been carried out and the results have been obtained, on the basis of which a reasonable
choice of the best alternative (automation method) has been made for the company in question.
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IT management |
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Resource management |
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The presented article describes a functional approach and methodology to managing the internal
environment of an intelligent building (or «smart building»), which implies the use and transfer between
the peripheral equipment and central engineering and (or) automated systems of unchangeable
states, the absence of side effects and uncertainty in the implementation of control actions and the construction
of a decentralized network of computations and decision making at the edge side based on
the so-called «Internet of things». The mathematical foundations of the organization of a distributed
computing environment for the realization of a functional approach are considered. Brief descriptions
of possible control scenarios in various modes of operation of engineering and automated systems of
intelligent buildings are described. A theoretical basis is provided for recommendations on changing
the paradigm of design and constructing a general centralized automated control system for an intelligent
building from the automation of engineering processes to the intellectualization of management
and the creation of an artificial intelligence system that implements a complete and autonomous cycle
of building management and exploitation. The paper would be of interest for designers, system architects,
software engineers and scientists, who work in the area of implementing of smart solutions on
various levels of automation.
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IT and education |
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Training technologies |
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Testing students is one way to verify their knowledge. Any person, one way or another, meets with
the passage of tests related to his professional activities, training or re-certification. Of course, tests
are a serious psychological strain on the subjects, especially in conditions of limited testing time and
the number of attempts. Therefore, the actual question is: how to properly organize testing to obtain
the maximum positive effect.
For comparison: in order to pass the professional tests Microsoft or Oracle companies to receive
the certificates of experts or professionals in software these companies need to respond to 75% of the
questions correctly. Moreover, the delivery of such tests is carried out in specially equipped, isolated
rooms, in the complete absence of mobile phones, tablets, iPads and other similar means.
Having tried various methods of testing, the author, having considerable professional experience
in the field of programming and creating users’ workplaces, decided to develop a testing system on
his own. Software development for testing was carried out using the RAD programming environment
Embarcadero Delphi, which made it possible to create an interface convenient for the end user.
The main business logic of the testing system was implemented as Microsoft SQL Server stored procedures,
which ensured high performance, system scalability and reliable information protection from
unauthorized access.
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Educational environment |
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Web technologies and e-marketing provide universities with new opportunities to organize more
effective interaction with consumers of educational services. The website of the University becomes
an effective marketing tool for attracting consumers of educational services and forming a positive
image of the University in the conditions of growing competition. In the process of development and
implementation of educational websites, there is a problem of determining the most effective methods
of organization and online promotion of websites in order to use them as a marketing tool to attract the
greatest number of potential applicants to the University. The main problem that limits the possibility
of using the educational website as an effective e-marketing tool is the lack of procedures for evaluating
the quality of the portal. The quality of the website is a determining condition for attracting new
users and assuring the satisfaction and loyalty of potential and existing consumers of educational services.
Therefore, the development of a quality assessment system for an educational website becomes
an important requirement in the organization of user feedback for continuous improvement of marketing
communications of the educational institution. The article introduces a model for assessing the
quality of the University website for effective promotion of educational services, and a method that
use expert estimation and fuzzy logic.
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This research is dedicated to studying of use of blockchain technology in the education sector.
Advantages, requirements and also possible problems which can arise at different stages of introduction
of the considered solution are shown in the article. This review is dedicated to very new direction of application
of blockchain and is intended for the management of educational institutions and scientists researching
the considered technology. The goal of this article is to show the reasonability of integrating
blockchain-based platform into education. The current certification system has a number of issues which
can be solved by use of the said technology. The basic structure of blockchain provides high reliability
and security making it tamperproof. This property is the key solution to the greatest problem of current
certification system — the forgery of certificates. The mechanism is transparent which can help build
trust with participants. The decentralized ledger technology prevents loss or destruction of certificates
effectively solving the other big problem of paper certificates. The platform can help recruiters find suitable
workers by providing paid access to student’s grades and achievements database. The worldwide
adaptation of blockchain into education sector will allow migrating students to retrieve their certificates
and use it in other country. This review shows that the blockchain technology can become a suitable tool
for use as an open standard for certification system. The said platform is able to transform education and
make it more genuine, united and reliable. It is possible to draw a conclusion on efficiency of a blockchain
and to recommend it for use by educational institutions as the transparent and trusted system of registration
and verification of the academic achievements. This opens many new opportunities in education.
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Software engineering |
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Algorithmic efficiency |
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The problem of reliability analysis and recovery process of cyber-physical systems (CPS) is under
consideration. The approach is based on the division of the life cycle into time slices with reference
to the pre-emergency, emergency, restored and predicted states. Working capability restoration of
the CPS is executed with respect to extremely critical and critical equipment. Constructed state graphs
of the cybernetic component and the physical component are introduced and the differential equations
linking the probability of return to a working state with intensities of failures and restorations of various
types are formulated. Under the known initial conditions of the probabilities for corresponding
states the solution of appropriate ordinary differential equations allows a clear graphical interpretation
in the time domain, which shows the changes in the probability of the system components transition
from one state to another by time slices of the life cycle of the CPS-system. The developed diagram of
decision-making on restoration or replacement of the corresponding component provides to make the
reasonable choice of the actions option aimed on working capability restoration. An algorithm for the
method implementation is developed and tested via execution of the numerical example related with
Automated Parking system as a typical representative of the CPS-systems variety.
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Information infrastructure |
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In the Ministry of Emergency Situations, as well as in many other distributed state organizations, collecting
and the analyzing of data organized hierarchically. Lower level divisions collect actual data (immediate
measurements) about the number of emergencies, human casualties, road accidents etc, summarize
(aggregate) them on a regular basis and report higher in the chain of command. The recipients of
the information do the same. This process repeats until the resulting data appear in official documents.
Such an organization of data flows was realized long ago, when computers and means of communication
did not allow quick processing of big data. It was necessary to restrict volume of data received and
processed at each administrative level. In fact, elimination of the need to analyze all data coming from
all subordinate levels is the single advantage of this model. However, according to the authors, in the
21st century it makes sense to get rid of such model as its numerous shortcomings overwhelm its advantages.
The relevance of this article first of all is caused by the initiatives connected to «open data»
and «digitalization» of economy. In turn the originality of material consists in systematic listing of the
dangers connected to thoughtless aggregation of data and also in presentation of the appropriate general
scientific problem in application to specific areas of researches within activities of Emercom of Russia.
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Simulation |
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Actor modeling |
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Computer simulation is usually the launch of parallel interacting computational processes, similar to
real processes, but in virtual spaces and time. Such a model makes it possible to obtain the metrological
characteristics of a real process, a field study of which is either very expensive or impossible because
of the receiving irreplaceable damage risk. However, to create a model, sometimes there is no complete
set of source data to ensure a satisfactory significance level, and it is necessary to create a model under
conditions of uncertainty. In this case, along with programs that receive metrological characteristics as
source data, there is a need to include programs that implement artificial intelligence methods to obtain
new qualimetric characteristics in the model. In this direction is the development of modern software
for hybrid simulation modeling and related modern methods. According to the publications and author’s
experience, the most studied area of hybrid simulation modeling is the use of bioinspired algorithms.
The using of fuzzy controllers allows you to implement some adaptive methods necessary for simulation
models when searching for acceptable solutions and modes of the simulated processes operation,
for the sake of which these models are created to control. The most difficult area of hybrid simulation is
the use of super-fuzzy logic when conducting interval evaluations of membership functions in the same
simulation models that use fuzzy controllers. This direction requires additional experimental research,
literally «at the scientific interface» of metrology and qualimetry, using special modeling techniques.
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Laboratory |
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Models and Methods |
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This article contains a model of generalization of three previously known linear programming problems:
The production problem (Classical setting) — the solution is a vector of the number of produced
final products, found with limitations on the number of resources taking into account of maximization
of profit. The task of accounting for time — this task is rather an additional condition in the general
system of restrictions and relates to the objective function (minimization of the total time spent on the
transportation of goods), the transport task — determination of the ways and volume of transportation
of products on the graph (road system). The statement of the problem, which integrates all three of the
above problems into one integrated one, is exactly suited to the case when the task of determining the
volume of production of various types of products is followed by the determination of the transport
routes to each point of consumption (the consumer) so as to minimize, taking into account of capacity
of the graph roads) transportation costs. This task appeared on the timber-processing complex in the
process of production and sale of goods. This paper is devoted to constructing a linear mixed-integer
model, finding a method and selecting an algorithm for determining the optimal solution to the production
and transportation problem. This problem can be attributed to the class of non-trivial combinatorial
problems when making decisions at an enterprise.
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The article presents a theoretical result in the form of a new synthesis algorithm of a control system
for a two-dimensional object whose mathematical model is a system of second-order nonlinear difference
equations. Two types of control systems for such an object are presented for the cases of its functioning
both in deterministic conditions and in stochastic conditions. The theoretical basis of the algorithm
for controlling the synthesis of a two-dimensional discrete stochastic object is the analytical design
method for aggregated regulators. The application of this method for synthesis control of the abovementioned
object was implemented as a two-stage procedure. At the first stage, the structure of the control
system is formed on the basis of predefined target macro variables, the form of which determines the
description of target manifolds. The second stage poses the task of robust control of the object’s output
to a given manifold with a minimum variance for the output macro variable. The paper provides the results
of numerical modeling with quality assessment of transient processes, confirming the consistency
of the received control system of the economic object and positive properties in comparison to classical
control. The algorithm for control system design and the implemented corresponding control algorithm
to the problem solution for stabilizing of the stochastic object can be useful for any nonlinear systems.
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Information security |
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Digital economy |
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Today people are surrounded by a digital environment with which they interact and as a result leave
hundreds of «digital traces». The entire amount of generated data is a combination of both primary
and secondary information. The program of the Russian Federation on the digitalization of the economy
aims to ensure the safety of the data.
Electronic Document Management (EDM) systems is a rapidly developing technology in the form
of a solution for organizations that provides an efficient way to manage information. The practice of
using documents in digital and analog form is called «mixed» document flow. Approaches to the protection
of mixed documents are fixed in the legislation of the Russian Federation. The requirements
for the implementation of methods to protect information in the information system, including EDM
systems, is to ensure the integrity, availability, confidentiality and authenticity of information. Here,
the usual password-based security and encryption mechanisms sometimes fail: they can be compromised,
falsified, or given to a third party. Unlike tokens or passwords, biometrics connects the concept
of «identity» directly with the owner. The question of choosing keys for asymmetric and symmetric
encryption, as well as their protection during storage and transmission, is gradually removed.
An intellectual and dynamic document additionally contains knowledge about itself and its environment.
For such documents, in order to provide security properties, it is necessary to create a method
for implicitly hiding of identifier and metadata related to the author and other users of the document.
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IT-communications |
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The rapid development of the Internet, the emergence of new services related to the placement and
processing of data on the Internet necessitates the implementation of educational programs aimed at
training data protection and personal security on the Internet. Therefore, this article provides an analysis
of methods for assessing the level of safe behavior on the Internet, including Microsoft Computing
Safety Index, Networked Readiness Index and a number of others. The author substantiates the choice
and carries out the practical implementation of the original methodology developed by the Internet
development Fund and the Faculty of psychology of Lomonosov Moscow State University, which allows
to evaluate the four components of digital competence: knowledge, skills, motivation and responsibility
in relation to the four spheres of activity on the Internet: content processing, communication,
consumption, technosphere. According to the results of the study, an educational program is developed
that takes into account the identified features of digital competence of students, namely the
need to improve competence in the components of «Communication» and «Consumption», the need
to increase motivation for learning and responsibility for their actions. The implementation of the educational
program is based on the method of intensive training, focused on the formulation of students
rules of safe behavior on the Internet in relation to all areas under consideration, followed by
the consolidation of the knowledge gained in the development of relevant cases and practical tasks.
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