Authors
Roshchin D.
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Degree
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PhD in Technique, FSBI «3 CNII» |
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E-mail
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whwhwh@mail.ru |
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Location
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Moscow |
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Articles
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Increasing Optical Pattern Recognition Systems Efficiency Using Color HistogramThe structure, algorithms, hardware-software means of a special software package for a system that compares objects with templates are described. This functionality supports such tasks as computer-aided products quality control, computer-aided production data control system and computer-aided design subsystem. Application of methods of digital processing of images and spatial orientation of objects for construction of system providing objects and templates comparison is considered. Read more...Software modernization of the standards complex of time and frequencyThis article describes the work performed by the author on the modernization of software of the
standards complex of time and frequency. New software is developed; there were made improvements
to the algorithm of formation of the analytical time scales. This work was performed with the
aim of developing technical means for fundamental support of the GLONASS system for modernization
of systems for national time scale keeping on the basis of hydrogen masers to achieve the tactical
and technical characteristics of the GLONASS system on the harmonization of the national time
scale with the International scale of coordinated universal time. Developing standards complex of time
and frequency must be part of modernized complexes of national time scale and is intended to ensure
that time scales of modernized complexes for national time scale keeping. In the process of upgrading
software of the standards complex, there was done the work on improving the methods of forming
group hydrogen keeper of the frequency and calculation of the national time scale. There were applied
weight coefficients to reduce the error of the mean relative changes in the frequency of the hydrogen
standard, on a monthly measurement interval. The sliding interval estimation of the frequency
model parameters of hydrogen masers was used for reducing the frequency instability of the analytical
frequency of group hydrogen keeper. During use of the program in the State metrological centre
«State service of time, frequency and the Earth rotation parameters determination», it was concluded
that the application of weight coefficients when determining the parameters of the regression model
of frequency changing of the reference standard allows slightly reduce the average relative errors on
annual time interval of the observations on average by 1%. It was found that the use of a sliding interval
estimation of the frequency model parameters of hydrogen masers at each day of measurements
can considerably reduce the instability of the analytical frequency of group hydrogen keeper. Using
the new method the relative decrease of the frequency instability was approximately 10% for a threemonth
time interval of observations.
Read more...
Software modernization for comparison of time scales of time and frequency standards based on signals of global navigation satellite systemsThe article describes the upgraded software and mathematical complex for processing the results
of measurements from the receivers of signals of space navigation systems. This work was conducted
with the aim of developing technical means for fundamental support of the GLONASS system, in particular,
for comparisons of time scales of remote standards of time and frequency using time and frequency
signals transmitted by global navigation satellite systems. In the process of modernization of
the complex were carried out works on improvement of methodology for comparison of time scales of
geographically remote from each other standards of time and frequency using signals of global navigation
satellite systems. Also we developed new software allowing automated downloading of data
from FTP servers, added ability to compare the time scales of ground-based time and frequency standard
with the European satellite navigation system GALILEO, software’s algorithm was improved
for mutual comparisons of time scales of time and frequency standards at the expense of rejecting incorrect
measurements. The obtained unbiased estimator of the mathematical expectation by the sample
results of comparisons of time scales of standards of time and frequency using signals of global
navigation satellite systems.
During the operation of the program in the State metrological centre of the State service of time,
frequency and definition of parameters of rotation of the Earth, it was found that the use of an unbiased
estimator of the mathematical expectation calculated for the sample of measurement results, differences
of the time scale of the standard of time and frequency with the GNSS time scale, can significantly
reduce the error in determining the average evaluation of these measurements on the time
interval of observations.
Read more...
Improving the accuracy of contour detection on digital images for the objects having the shape of a ballThe photography is just the projection of objects on the image plane and we can judge about properties
and characteristics of depicted objects only indirectly based on our knowledge about them.
Besides the quality of the resulting image depends on many factors such as the characteristics of the
camera, the shooting angle, light and the speed of movement of the objects on the stage relative to
the survey point. But despite all the diversity of external factors affecting the quality of the image, the
picture remains virtually the only visual data carrier that can contain the total information about the
shape of the object, its size, color, and spatial location relative to other objects. To improve the accuracy
and precision of information on photos about the object, using the special precision camera and
developed methods of scanning to produce digital images of objects for which high precision is possible
to determine their geometrical parameters. The article discusses various methods for the detection
of object contour, having the shape of a ball, in a digital image. Comparative analysis of methods
to determine the most accurate and resistant to the effects of the threshold multiplier used as detector.
The proposed method definition of gradient by calculating the maximum values of the Laplace
operator, which allows to significantly reduce the error detection circuits and to avoid gross errors in
the further estimation of the geometric parameters of the object.
Read more...
The model of the tracer optical coordinate-measuring systemcreated in the process of performing research and development work when new products creating. It
is used to reprodutcion or simulate the specific properties of the specified products and is made to verify
the principle of its action and characterization.
The creation of a model in the process of engineering design the measurement system is an important
stage at which the analysis of the achievability of the requirements for the functional purpose of
the system is performed, and searches for ways to meet these requirements. Information obtained at
this stage will help determine the choice of technical means of the system, its composition, type, and
placement of elements. Particular attention is paid to the choice of the software platform, developing
and program debugging.
During the creation of the coordinate-measuring system model mutual relations were determined
between its elements. Operation to achieve the coordinated interaction of technical, methodological,
mathematical and software of the system is realized. The functional part of the system is carried
out to check its ability to perform the assigned functions. The principle of operation of the system is
proved in practice, the methods of the coordinate measurement are worked out, and the technical and
metrological characteristics of the created model are evaluated. The results of this work will facilitate
the development of solutions to the problems that may arise in the process of engineering design and
building coordinate measuring systems in the future.
Read more...
The method of vision systems application for contactless measurements of objects on the example of decision of aerial reconnaissance
The continuous development of computer technology opens more opportunities for its application
in creating smart and effective computer vision systems (VS), aimed at solving problems related to
digital image processing and object recognition.
VS is especially needed in the areas of science and technology requiring the use of contactless methods
for measuring various parameters of the objects. The main task for the improvement of VS is the
improvement of existing and development of new methods for facilitating the expansion of functionality
of these systems. The urgency and relevance of VS are considered on the example, which presents
a model of conducting aerial reconnaissance.
Tactical unmanned reconnaissance aircraft makes for the departure shot of a certain area. The shooting
is done at height and with the resolution necessary for confident recognition of targets like «tank»
or «car». The area of goals that you want to detect and recognize then on the received intelligence, is
very small compared to the whole area of the earth’s surface, entering the frame. It was found that on
analysis of the entire survey, by visual inspection of time you will need many times more than it spent
on its implementation. Thus, the main problem lies in the fact that the volume of intelligence information
obtained through imagery intelligence is huge and it requires considerable time for processing.
Expediting the processing of intelligence information is only possible by parallelization of the
processing and/or automation using the technical means like VS.
Accordingly, it is necessary to the development of contactless measurement methods based on the
methods and means aimed at the solution of similar tasks that require processing of large amount of
optical data over a short period or in real time.
Read more...
Method of using computer vision to increase the accuracy of conducting the aerial photography of the territoryThe article discusses the prospects of creation of systems of automatic control of UAVS implement
the computer vision. Describes the method of using computer vision is aimed at improving the accuracy
of measurements of deviations from the flight path of the UAV and providing the ability to automatically
generate photomontages in real time during the aerial. Check this method for performance
and assessment of its methodological error.
If necessary, create photomontages on a large scale, aerial photographs have to at low altitude or
when a large focal length of the lens. The required values of the overlapping frames is reduced so that
the navigation equipment of UAV are no longer able to provide the specified route of flight within the
required tolerances. As a result, the photomontage may be gaps.
To address this problem, a method was developed that implements the possibility to build automatic
control system for UAVS. This method allows to increase the accuracy of determining deviations from
the flight path of the UAV and provides automatic generation of photomontages in real time. This gives
you the ability to carry out aerial works at low altitudes and create photomontages on a large scale in
compliance with the required overlapping frames.
Read more...
Three-dimensional terrain models using to assess the volume of soil in the construction of the railway roadbedThe main direction of increasing the efficiency of computeraided design and, in particular, the design
of Railways is the development of scientific methodology for the application of new technologies
in the design. The purpose of this work is to expand the capabilities of computeraided design (CAD)
systems by using three-dimensional terrain models to assess the volume of soil in the process of construction
of the roadbed of the railway section. Despite the presence of a sufficiently large number of
CAD in the design of the roadbed, the methods used in them for calculating the volume of excavation,
do not take into account the peculiarities of changes in the parameters of the railway, especially on the
curves in the plan and profile. A significant disadvantage of the known methods of estimating the volume
of excavation is that they do not take into account the influence of complex geometric shapes of
the construction of the railway roadbed. In addition, these systems do not have methods for processing
three-dimensional terrain models built on the results of aerial photography using laser scanning
technology. Since the methods for calculating the volume of excavation work on three-dimensional
models of the terrain is quite time-consuming, their implementation should be carried out using computeraided
design (CAD), which requires the development of appropriate mathematical and software.
Three-dimensional terrain model using gives more accurate results in the calculation of the volume
of excavation compared to the results obtained using geodetic plans of the terrain. At the same time,
the use of three-dimensional models in CAD can improve the performance of design work, as well as
reduce the likelihood of errors at the design stage. Further increase in the efficiency of three-dimensional
CAD for earthworks can be achieved through the use of reference and guidance materials as input
data, as well as through the introduction of expert systems based on the experience of designers.
Read more...
Simulation model of the process of laying the top structure of the railway track with the use of promising tracklayerCurrently, work is underway on the development of promising portal tracklayer instead of the item on the supply tracklayer. Accordingly, there is a task to evaluate the application of newly developed technology on the manufacturing capabilities of military units RT when performing regular tasks. Stochastic modeling methods can be applied to solve this problem. This approach will allow to form a sample sufficient to assess the main probabilistic temporal characteristics of the system under study. To test this approach in solving this problem was developed a simulation model of the technological process for building the top structure of tracks. The model was created using simulation software. The results obtained in the course of carrying out numerical experiments using the developed «Simulation model structure the upper structure of railway tracks with the use of tractor tracklayers» allowed to justify the basic tactical and technical characteristics of the perspective of the tracklayers. These requirements were included in the tactical and technical task for the ROC to create a «Portal tracklayer» and «tractor tractor-dispenser». On the basis of the results obtained, during the model experiment, the main tactical and technical requirements for a promising tractor tracklayer machine were formulated. Read more... |
