Journal archive
IT business |
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Despite the declared Russia’s retreat from the resource model, the dynamics of oil prices continues
to define the development of the oil and all its associated sectors of the national economy. In this regard,
the importance of the development and use of effective tools of interaction of participants of the
technological chain of the enterprises of the oil sector, including at the stage of realization of oil and
oil products. This article discusses the use of electronic technology trading andpurchasing activities
creating conditions for equal access of producers to markets providing additional services on the organization
of calculations with the reduction of the chain of intermediaries. Presents conceptual aspects
of formation of information and communicative space of e-Commerce enterprises of the oil industry
on the basis of the kinds of market transactions based on electronic trading platforms. It is shown that
the use of electronic trading platforms provides additional benefits associated with the simplification
of the procedures for participation in tenders, tracking the status of the relations of the parties to the
transaction, risk reduction, depending on the control of prices by speculators. The authors have developed
a scheme of interaction of participants of electronic trading platforms at various stages of the
transaction of purchase and sale. The decisionof problems of management of internal business processes
in support of electronic trading platforms offered on the basis of Microsoft Dynamics NAV
and Directum. Management of data exchange in Microsoft Dynamics NAV and Directumis proposed
based on the use of XML. It is concluded that the use of electronic trading platforms in the oil sector
contributes to the formation and implementation of unified policy in the sphere of placement of orders,
and increases the efficiency of interaction of the oil companies with the external environment.
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IT management |
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Performance management |
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Formation of centralized uniform department of information technology is not always cost-effective
in large structured geographically distributed enterprises. The objective of the article is to develop
recommendations for organization of effective technical and reasonable cost management system IT
services for large institutions. Is generally recommended to use ITIL for IT management. The model
of IT services catalog is simple, it ignores technical and system aspects of IT services. It has been observed,
the idea of centralization and systematization IT services through service catalog is failing
in practice. The article proposes algorithm of distribution IT services by the organizational structure.
The algorithm considers the budget management, technical and system aspects. Reasons for and consequences
of the transfer IT services to not specialized subdivisions were research. As a result, the
new distribution IT services allows creating more efficient organizational structure of IT department.
IT department focuses on infrastructure and system-wide problems, it permits to decrease information
technology costs. The article presents examples of the distribution IT services for University and
Network of State Institutions.
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Comprehensive, accurate and qualitative information is the basis of research, decision-making and
management activities at different levels and applications. The non-trivial cases to obtain data related
to the solution of complex problems and requires establishing special data collection or monitor system,
the traditional approach to the construction is based on pre-formed requirements derived from
system analysis stage. However, the actually observed processes due to their unpredictable character
are typically different from expected ones having highly variability of their parameters’ values and
behavior styles thus reducing the originally built monitoring system efficiency because of ever-growing
discrepancy between the initial objectives and actually observed environment. The solution may
exist in creating a system of adaptive monitoring, featuring flexibility to change its structure and behavior
depending on changing conditions. The paper describes the fundamental concepts for building
systems in an adaptive manner taking into account and generalizing the accumulated experience
of implementing this approach. We indicate the possible adaptation areas, describe the main system
components and objects, such as triggers and indicators, enumerate the requirements they should meet
and enlist the recommendations for their design. In addition, the possible IT technologies, platforms
and application systems examples that implement an adaptive monitoring approach are highlighted.
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Quality management |
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One of the approaches of chemical manufacturing information support is model-driven engineering
which focuses on the abstract representation of the knowledge as the domain model. From one
side, domain models are intuitive and user-friendly for the expert. From the other side, such models
are formal and can be translated to software constructions. The IDEF specifications are used for the
model definitions creating. First, we provide the generalized functional model on the basis of informal
descriptions of one-step chemical manufacturing. We begin with top-level context diagram to specify
the main inputs, outputs, controls and mechanisms of the chemical manufacturing. From this diagram
the derived diagram is generated. The derived diagram describes the sequence of base technological
steps such as row materials preparation, chemical transformation, product refinement and condensate
separation. The quality inspection is added to the end of the sequence. Feedback arrows present recycles
of raw materials. Then the implementation of this model for the production of methyl tertiary butyl
ether is described. The detailing of the generalized model means naming of functional blocks and
arrows while the model structure does not change. So the generalized model can be treated as a template
for any chemical one-stage manufacturing model.
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The problem of quality management system automation of the Russian enterprises and organizations
is actual in connection with the raising quality requirements of the made production and services
caused by the entry of Russia into the WTO and EurAsEC. The analysis of the Russian software market
showed lack of prototype software solutions in the field of automation of quality management systems
of the organizations. Some functions on quality control of productions/services are implemented
only in the ERP system «Galaxy». On the other hand, the foreign market is saturated with the software
for the system quality management automation. In the course of research, the problems of the automation
of the systems of quality management connected with specifics of quality management document
turnover, registration procedures, the assessment and the analysis of quality of raw materials and finished
goods, staffing of such systems were revealed. By the results of the research the basic provisions
of the methodology of designing of the automated quality management systems have been formulated,
including some basic principles structural and object-oriented approaches, which include: the principle
of functional decomposition, the principle of consistency, the principle of access to the end user, the
principle of encapsulation, the principle of structuring data with the use of relational data model, the
principle of feedback (interaction with the consumers), the principle of visualization of processes, the
principle of process identification, the principle of process controllability, the principle of controlling
with the implementation of 8D method, the principle of integration of electronic forms of documentation,
the principle of adaptability of electronic forms of documentation, the principle of a flexible
configuration, the principle of the automated assessment, the principle of group clustering. All considered
theoretical principles are discussed in detail in this article.
The formulated concepts have been tested in the design of the automated systems of quality management
of the specific businesses.
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IT and education |
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Training IT specialists |
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In the conditions of informatization of all fields of activity the improvement of processes of life
cycle of the automated systems defines functioning of any enterprise in general. In this regard the importance
of the university graduates competence formation increases. Professional competences define
the degree of IT specialists in information systems readiness to carry out different types of tasks.
The requirements of employers were analysed according to which the model of future expert in the
field of information systems is developed. The article is focused on the continuity principle that is realized
though the chain «competence — subject — competence — subject». The complex of methods,
forms and techniques is used for conducting classes and organizing extra class activities and studying.
A certain competence formation of university students within an educational curricular is carried
out through a number of disciplines and their close interrelation on the basis of continuity is assumed
that is realized though curricular, in the principles of statements of design tasks, application-oriented
tasks, including laboratory and course papers, educational and work practice, etc. Continuity principle
in subjects curricular planning defines completeness of formation as one of significant factors of
increase of efficiency both the process of formation of competences, and educational process in general.
The materials of the research can be used for IT-specialists training at higher education institution.
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The article discusses the international standard of education Computer Science Curricula 2013 and
provides an analysis of its substantial aspect. Currently information technology is one of the fastest
growing fields of knowledge, that iswhy it is urgent of what and how to teach. So there is a need to analyze
the accumulated international experience in this area. For computer science this international experience
is concentrated in the document entitled Computer Science Curricula. Current version of this
document is Computer Science Curricula 2013 (CS2013). The most interesting is the analysis of requirements
for graduates in the field of Computer Science, such as Technical understanding of computer
science, Familiarity with common themes and principles, Appreciation of the interplay between theory
and practice, System-level perspective, Problem solving skills, Project experience, Commitment to lifelong
learning, Commitment to professional responsibility, Communication and organizational skills,
Awareness of the broad applicability of computing, Appreciation of domain-specific knowledge. Another
side of CS2013 are Knowledge Areas of Computer Science: Algorithms and Complexity, Architecture
and Organization, Computational Science, Discrete Structures, Graphics and Visualization, Human-
Computer Interaction, Information Assurance and Security, Information Management, Intelligent
Systems, Networking and Communications, Operating Systems, Platform-based Development, Parallel
and Distributed Computing, Programming Languages, Software Development Fundamentals, Software
Engineering, Systems Fundamentals, Social Issues and Professional Practice. CS2013 and Russian standard
of higher education in IT have much in common, but also there are some differences in courses,
ways of teaching and graduation requirements.
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Software engineering |
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Algorithmic efficiency |
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The article describes the upgraded software and mathematical complex for processing the results
of measurements from the receivers of signals of space navigation systems. This work was conducted
with the aim of developing technical means for fundamental support of the GLONASS system, in particular,
for comparisons of time scales of remote standards of time and frequency using time and frequency
signals transmitted by global navigation satellite systems. In the process of modernization of
the complex were carried out works on improvement of methodology for comparison of time scales of
geographically remote from each other standards of time and frequency using signals of global navigation
satellite systems. Also we developed new software allowing automated downloading of data
from FTP servers, added ability to compare the time scales of ground-based time and frequency standard
with the European satellite navigation system GALILEO, software’s algorithm was improved
for mutual comparisons of time scales of time and frequency standards at the expense of rejecting incorrect
measurements. The obtained unbiased estimator of the mathematical expectation by the sample
results of comparisons of time scales of standards of time and frequency using signals of global
navigation satellite systems.
During the operation of the program in the State metrological centre of the State service of time,
frequency and definition of parameters of rotation of the Earth, it was found that the use of an unbiased
estimator of the mathematical expectation calculated for the sample of measurement results, differences
of the time scale of the standard of time and frequency with the GNSS time scale, can significantly
reduce the error in determining the average evaluation of these measurements on the time
interval of observations.
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Models and methods |
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Though for the last years «cloudy» services gained popularity at the enterprise. Providers offers
many various models of cloud computing, for example IaaS, PaaS, SaaS, but often don’t give proof
why cloud services implementation in the company make more effectiveness business. Today we have
many methods or models for assessing the effectiveness for traditional IT. The idea of cloud computing
is not actually new but existing approaches to the use of cloud computing resources is not efficient.
In this article systemized basic traditional methods and models for assessing the effectiveness
of the use of IT in the company. The revealed a positive and negative effects traditional methods and
models for assessing the effectiveness cloud computing. Discusses the various models of cloud computing
which could enable businesses to face market volatility in an agile and cost-efficient manner.
This article discusses different approaches assessing the effectiveness of the use of cloud computingin
the company using the parameters of price elasticity, models Stone and Slutsky equation. Also
discusses approaches to raising customer value of cloud system integration services designed for the
needs service providers. Research how customer income impact on price cloud service for providers.
The system of indicators for assessing the value of the transition to cloud computing to businesses are
offered. Steps for company which want to implementing cloud services in your infrastructure are offered.
Study results of the obtained model sand methods are discussed.
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The aim of the research is to analyze the methodological aspects of the decision support systems
(DSS) processing and the DSS substantial classification. The novelty of the results lies in the fact that
classification features and their possible values, being the subject and the goal of such a system, are
suitable to the designed managerial decisions, as well as the classification can be used to create a specific
DSS. Hypothesis: it is possible to allocate classification features of DSS, the list and the contents
of which will determine the substantial (enlarged) DSS classification suitable to the construction of concrete
DSS. Also, the selected classification features and their values can be used to construct DSS content,
i. e. to design a block structure of created DSS. Method of research: systematic and logical analysis
on the base of the subordination of the created DSS to aims and content of the generated managerial
solutions. Results: based on the reasonable classification features and their values the substantial classification
of decision support systems is built, as well as the block structure of the DSS, considered in the
wide, and in the narrow sense as well. The research is supported by the grant RFBR 13.15.202.2016.
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Laboratory |
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Researching of processes and systems |
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One of the pressing problems arising at experts in the field of voxel modeling is development of algorithms
of a voxelization of the polygonal models, synthesized in modern CAD systems. Similar
tasks arise in process of development of systems of layer-by-layer synthesis where the formed image
represents layer-by-layer obtaining raster images. In the late nineties the beginning receives the direction
of the functional voxel modeling (FVM) allowing to consider a voxel image as some characteristic
of functional space (M-image). The paper considers the principles of construction functional voxel
geometrical objects on the closed contour on the basis of the R-functional description. The analysis
of the graphic images received by different ways of the description of the closed contour is provided.
Problems of obtaining monotony of the received functional space are considered. The provided analysis
confirms that the advanced piecewise-analytical method of obtaining the description of a contour
of object most conforms to requirements of smoothness and monotony. These requirements and
the received analytical description of a functional surface allow to expand considerably application
of such models in functional voxel modeling at automation of a wide class of problems for CAD and
automation technologies.
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Point of view |
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Knowledge management |
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The article deals with issues of knowledge management disciplines development, related with their
scientific framework development. Lack of proved framework during study leads to low readiness of
integration team members to manage with social risks in projects. There are arguments for active usage
of neuroscience as an exact scince that will prove the disciplines thesis and will upgrade the quality
of IT-specialties education. Exact knowledge will make specialists able to identify main domains
of social risks and to build strategies for their prevention. First, evolution of neurosience is shown,
and attention is given to the matter of neuroeconomics and social neurobiology. The areas study decision
making and communications using qualitative models. Some of the newest popularized neurobiology
models are listed which can be used by lecturers without additional trainings. Specifically,
«Chimp» model of Dr. S. Peters deals with necessity of balance between such brain areas as limbic
system and frontal lobe. Others argue to the issues of neuroplasticity and cerebral hemispheres role in
social functions. Special practices give potential for a person to develop his own mind and to became
a leader in particular situations — i. e. in knowledge management projects.
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